The most important purpose of the grinding machine is external, internal processing of parts, grinding of cylindrical, flat type surfaces at different angles, the task of the equipment is to make the surface of the workpiece to be processed perfectly flat and smooth. Workpiece machining is carried out in several stages – chamfering, overhang removal, rounding, calibration, and the final touch – full-fledged surface leveling. Abrasive material is used as a cutting tool.
There are these types of grinding machines:
- Circular grinding machines – with their help it is possible to grind parts that have the shape of a cylinder. The device works due to the working headstock and chuck, in which the workpiece is clamped.
- Intra-grinding machines – work with workpieces of different shapes (cylindrical, cone and others).
- Centerless grinding types of equipment – the workpiece is placed between the grinding wheel and the drive wheel. During operation, the workpiece is placed on the knife, fixed with the drive wheel and moves in longitudinal direction.
- Flat grinding machines – the equipment makes the surface of the flat type perfectly flat and smooth. The parts are machined on a rectangular worktable.
- Longitudinal-grinding type of tool – with their help you can grind long parts, the principle of operation resembles the work of flat grinding units.
- Roughing-grinding equipment – designed to prepare the metal for the next stage of processing, removes the defective layer of material. If the processed parts have small dimensions, a special unit equipped with an electric grinder with two circles is used for their processing.
- Oscillation-spindle – in such machines, the abrasive material moves not only along the workpiece, but also performs a reciprocating motion, which gives the best frequency when processing the ends.
- Profile grinding – with this type, curved surfaces of any shape can be easily machined. Defects are removed after several runs: the first time the tool removes the allowance, moving along the trajectory, the second run involves the use of a grinding wheel, whose shape corresponds to the shape of the workpiece.
- Double-sided machines – mainly used for rough alignment of the ends of the workpiece.
In the grinding industry, there may also be CNC machines, that is, those equipped with numerical control. It is easier and faster to machine many similar parts on such machines.
